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Ko ngā tāwhai tōtara he wāhanga mātua o ngā rākau pūtaiao e whakamahinga ana i ngā wāhanga o te motokā, ngā taputapu kāinga, ngā rākau hāngai, ngā taputapu hauora, me ngā taputapu ā-rā. I rite ki ngā tāwhai whakamāmā me ngā tāwhai whakarere e tātai ana i te kaha tuwhera, ko ngā tāwhai tōtara e tātai ana i te tau o te huri, ā, e tiaki ana i te pāmahana o te huri, ā, e whakamānui ana i te mahi o te whakamātua, te huri, me te whakamātua.
1. Te Whāinga Tāwhai Matua mō ngā Tāwhai Tōtara
T = (E × d⁴ × θ) ÷ (3660 × D × N)
Kia tātai ai i te whāinga i te tātai, me whakamahi i ngā whāinga pūmanawa o te rāngai katoa. Ko ngā whāinga māmā kei raro nei:
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E (Te Rōrahi o te Whakamātua) : Te rōrahi o te whakamātua o te kōpae. Mō ngā kōpae kāpura karbona hāngai me ngā kōpae kāpura stainless, ko E = 206000 MPa (te uara tuanui mō ngā kōpae hāngai)
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θ (Te Āki o te Whakamātua) : Te āki whakamātua o te kōpae i raro i te tāwhai, te whāinga: te rākau (°)
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N (Te Maha o ngā Kōpae Mahi) : Ngā kōpae mahi whakamātua o te kōpae whakamātua (ka tāpirihia ngā kōpae mutunga kī, me ngā kōpae kāore he pānga)
I ngā whakamātautau pūhanga āhua, he rite tonu mātou e whakamātau ana i te te rōrahi o te kōpae whakamātua (te torque i ia rākau) , e whakaatu ana i te torque e hiahiatia ana kia whakamātua te kōpae 1 rākau. Ko tēnei āhua he māmā ake hei whakamātautau mō te whiriwhiri kōpae me ngā whakamātautau pū.
K = Te rōrahi o te kōpae whakamātua, te whāinga: N·mm/°
3. Tauākī i te whakamātautau i te tau o te kaha o te pūrere torsion
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Te mātātoko o te pūrere: 304 stainless steel (E = 206000 MPa)
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Te rōrahi o te pūrere D = 12mm
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Te āhua o te whakamātautau θ = 90°
Te tau 1: Tātai i te tau o te pūrere K
K = (206000 × 16) ÷ 175680
Te tau 2: Tātai i te tau o te kaha o te pūrere i te whakamātautau
Ko te tau o te kaha o tēnei pūrere torsion i te āhua o te 90° ko te 1688.4 N·mm.
I runga i te whakamātautau, ka tātai ai mātou ngā hāngā matua e whakamārama ana i te tau o te kaha o te pūrere torsion, ā, ka whakamārama i a koe i te whakamārama i ngā pūrere:
Ko te tau o te kaha he whāinga o te te mana tuawha o te diameter waea . Koinei te tawhā tino māmā. Ko te pikinga iti o te diameter waea ka arahi ki te pikinga nui o te torque puna. Hei tauira, mā te whakaurua te diameter waea ka 16 ngā wā te nui o te torque i raro i ngā āhuatanga ōrite.
He ōwehenga te torque ki te diameter o te kōira. Ko te nui ake o te kōhua puna, ko te iti ake o te torque putanga; ko te iti ake o te diameter o te kōhua, ko te kaha torsion nui ake.
Ko te maha o ngā kōira kaha he ōwehenga ki te torque. Ko te tikanga o ngā kōura kaha ake he māmā ake te puna torsion me te torque iti ake; he iti ake ngā kōura kaha ake te puna me te torque nui ake.
He rerekē ngā uara E o ngā rauemi puna rerekē. Ko te maitai rehu whakarewa kaha-nui he nui ake te modulus elastic i te maitai waro noa, na reira ka taea e ia te whakarato i te torque nui ake me te rahi kotahi.
I roto i te tātaritanga me te tono tūturu, he maha nga kaihoahoa e mahi hapa ana e ara ana ki nga hua puna kore-pai. E whakarāpopototia ana ngā whakatūpato matua e whai ake nei hei tohutoro:
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Whakahaerehia te whānuitanga o te koki whakaheke : He whānuitanga koki huri haumaru ngā puna torsion. Ko te whakaheke nui (he nui ake i te rohe hoahoa) ka puta he whakakorenga kirihou, ka puta he ngaronga pūmau. Ko te whānuitanga o te whakaheke haumaru noa iho ko te 0-180°.
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Whakaarohia te ngaronga o te ngenge : Mo ngā puna e mahi pinepine ana mō te wā roa, me waiho te 5%-10% o te maramara torque i roto i te tātaritanga tuatahi kia kore ai e heke te torque i muri i ngā huringa ngenge.
6. Ko te whakahaerenga Ngā Pātai e Pātai Ana (FAQ)
Ko te tere o te puna (K) he āhuatanga tuturu o te puna, e tohu ana i te torque ia tohu hurihanga; ko te torque (T) he uara taurangi, e huri ana me te koki whakaheke. Ko te auau e whakatau ana i te mahi putanga torque o te puna.
Ko tēnei tātai paerewa e hāngai ana ki ngā puna torsion pūngāwerewere noa me te diameter waea ōrite me te tawhiti porohita pūngāwerewere. Kāore e hāngai ana mō ngā puna torsion āhua motuhake, ngā puna tāwhitinga, me ngā puna ritenga kāore i te paerewa, e hiahia ana ki te tātaritanga huānga mutunga mō te whakatikatika.
Mēnā kāore te torque e tika ana: whakapiki ake i te diameter waea, whakaiti i te diameter o te kōira, whakaiti rānei i te maha o ngā kōira kaha. Mēnā he nui rawa te torque: whakaitihia te diameter waea, whakapiki i te diameter coil, whakapiki i te maha o nga coils kaha ranei.
Te āhei ki te te tikanga tātaitanga o te torque torsion spring ko te pūtake o te hoahoa puna, te tīpakonga, me te whakarite. Mā te whakamahi i te tātai torque paerewa me te tātai tere puna i roto i tēnei aratohu, ka taea e koe te whakaoti i ngā tātai ariā tika mō te nuinga o ngā puna torsion noa. Ka taea e te tātai pūkaha whaitake te karo i te hapa o te puna, te whakaiti i ngā utu tiaki taputapu, me te whakapai ake i te pūmautanga o ngā hanganga mīhini.